NCBI was established in 1988 as a public resource for information on molecular biology. Geneious allows you to directly download information from nine important NCBI databases and perform NCBI BLAST searches (Table 3.1 ).
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| Database | Coverage | |
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| Gene | Genes | |
| Genome | Whole genome sequences | |
| Nucleotide | DNA sequences | |
| PopSet | sets of DNA sequences from population studies | |
| Protein | Protein sequences | |
| PubMed | Biomedical literature citations and abstracts | |
| SNP | Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms | |
| Structure | 3D structural data | |
| Taxonomy | Names and taxonomy of organisms | |
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Entrez Gene. Entrez Gene is NCBI’s database for gene-specific information. It does not include all known or predicted genes; instead Entrez Gene focuses on the genomes that have been completely sequenced, that have an active research community to contribute gene-specific information, or that are scheduled for intense sequence analysis.
The Entrez Genome database. The Entrez genome database has been retired. For backwards compatibility Geneious simulates searching of the old genome database by searching the Entrez Nucleotide database and filtering the results to include only genome results.
The Entrez Nucleotide database. This database in GenBank contains 3 separate components that are also searchable databases: “EST”, “GSS” and “CoreNucleotide”. The core nucleotide database brings together information from three other databases: GenBank, EMBI, and DDBJ. These are part of the International collaboration of Sequence Databases. This database also contains RefSeq records, which are NCBI-curated, non-redundant sets of sequences.
The Entrez Popset database. This database contains sets of aligned sequences that are the result of population, phylogenetic, or mutation studies. These alignments usually describe evolution and population variation. The PopSet database contains both nucleotide and protein sequence data, and can be used to analyze the evolutionary relatedness of a population.
The Entrez Protein database. This database contains sequence data from the translated coding regions from DNA sequences in GenBank, EMBL, and DDBJ as well as protein sequences submitted to the Protein Information Resource (PIR), SWISS-PROT, Protein Research Foundation (PRF), and Protein Data Bank (PDB) (sequences from solved structures).
The PubMed database. This is a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine that includes over 16 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals. This archive of biomedical articles dates back to the 1950s. PubMed includes links to full text articles and other related resources, with the exception of those journals that need licenses to access their most recent issues.
Entrez SNP. In collaboration with the National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Center for Biotechnology Information has established the dbSNP database to serve as a central repository for both single base nucleotide subsitutions and short deletion and insertion polymorphisms.
The Entrez Structure database. This is NCBI’s structure database and is also called MMDB (Molecular Modeling Database). It contains three-dimensional, biomolecular, experimentally or programmatically determined structures obtained from the Protein Data Bank.
Entrez Taxonomy. This database contains the names of all organisms that are represented in the NCBI genetic database. Each organism must be represented by at least one nucleotide or protein sequence.